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Index for glossary P
Packet Filtering
A type of filtering to permit or deny network
traffic based on the data source, destination,
service or protocol of the data packets.
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Packet Sniffing
Packet sniffing refers to the collection and
examination of data packets as they transit over
the network.
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Parasitic Virus
A type of virus which changes the contents of
the target file while infecting it. This leaves
the original contents of the file completely or
at least partly not usable.
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Parking Lot Attack
Parking lot attack is an attack against wireless network in which the attackers can sit in the organisation's parking lot and try to access the internal hosts via the wireless network.
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Password
A private and unique series of numbers or letters
which enable a user to gain access to a system
or service. A passphrase is a longer password.
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Patch
A patch is a program that repairs a bug or a security vulnerability of an existing software.
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Payload
This is a term used to describe the activity
initiated by a virus. Typical virus payloads include
displaying a message or deleting files.
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Pharming
An attack redirects users to a bogus website such as fraudulent websites or proxy servers, typically through DNS server hijacking or poisoning.
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Phishing
Phishing is a kind of social engineering attack that tricks legitimate users into revealing private details, such as e-banking login names and passwords by using e-mails or fraudulent websites.
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Plaintext
A message text or data that is freely readable
and understandable by anyone.
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Polymorphic Virus
A type of virus that changes its telltale code
segments so that it "looks" different
from one infected file to another, thus making
detection more difficult.
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Pretty Good Privacy
(PGP)
Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) is a computer program
that uses cryptography to help secure data in
electronic mail and other applications.
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Preventative Control
Preventative control aims to deter and avoid
undesirable events from taking place.
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Privacy Enhanced Mail (PEM)
Privacy Enhanced Mail (PEM) is a standard for
secure exchange of electronic mail including message
encryption and authentication of senders.
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Private Key
A data file storing a mathematical key which
is assigned and known only to a single individual,
used for creating digital signature and decrypting
messages previously encrypted by the sender, using
the individual's own public key.
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Proxy Server
A system that can accept or reject the connection
of a user to the target destination with some
kind of rules or authentication mechanisms.
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Public Key
Asymmetric cryptography involves a pair of cryptographic
keys for each user. The component that can be
made publicly known is the public key.
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Public Key Cryptography
Standard (PKCS)
A series of specifications for asymmetric cryptography
applications published by RSA Laboratories.
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Public Key Infrastructure
(PKI)
A Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) consists of
protocols, services and standards supporting the
public key cryptography applications. It often
includes services and protocols for managing the
public keys through the use of Certification Authority.
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