Index for glossary D
Data Driven Attack
A form of attack encoded in innocuous-seeming data which is then executed by a user or software to enforce the attack.
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Data Encryption Algorithm (DEA)
Data Encryption Algorithm (DEA) is a symmetric block cipher (encryption algorithm) which uses a 64-bit key. The DEA is specified by the Data Encryption Standard (DES). Therefore, the DEA algorithm is usually referred to as "DES".
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Decryption
The reverse process of encryption in which encoded messages or ciphertext is decoded from its protected, scrambled form into original plaintext so that they can be easily readable.
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Defence-in-Depth
Defence-in-depth represents the use of multiple information security techniques as well as security guidelines, policies and safeguarding procedures to help prevent a shortfall in any one defence leading to a wider failure.
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Denial of Service
A prevention of the use of information resources either intentionally or unintentionally, which affects the availability of the information resources. Examples of such attacks are SYN flood, Ping O death, packet flooding and Ping flooding.
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Detective Control
Detective controls are used to identify undesirable events that have occurred.
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Dictionary Attack
Dictionary attack is a technique used to break an encryption or authentication system by trying words that can be found in a dictionary.
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Diffle Hellman Algotithm
It is an algorithm for key agreement. The key established can be further used as a key for encryption or other cryptographic operations.
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Digital Certificate
A file in electronic format in which data stored can be used to verify the identity of the certificate owner. The certificate usually contains information such as user's public key, name and email address.
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Digital Signature
A block of fixed-length data computed with a cryptographic algorithm that can be used by recipient of the data to verify the data's origin and integrity.
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Direct Infector
It is a virus that activates when an infected file is executed.
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Discretionary Access Control (DAC)
Discretionary Access Control (DAC) is an authorisation mechanism in which users own the objects under their control, and the granting and revoking of access control privileges are left to the discretion of individual users.
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Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Attack
An attack using multiple computers to launch denial-of-service (DoS) attacks at the same time against a targeted system.
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DNS Spoofing
Pretend to be the DNS name of another system by compromising the domain name server for a valid domain.
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Drive-by attack
Drive-by attack is used by attackers who construct URL(s) embedded with malicious scripts in a website, where the users are tricked to click on the URL allowing the embedded script running on their web browsers and resulting in more malignant attacks (such as downloading a Trojan Horse or sending cookie information to the attacker).
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Dropper
A dropper is a program that installs a virus or Trojan Horse. Dropper by itself is not a virus.
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