Index for glossary A
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Access Control System
The system of preventing unauthorised access to the resources of an IT product,
programs, processes, systems, or other IT products. Some suppliers consider
preventing unauthorised users from logging on to the system to be access
control. In reality, access control should also stop logged on users accessing
objects (files, devices, etc) for which they have no authorisation.
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Active Jamming
Active jamming of RF signals refers to the use of a device that actively
broadcast radio signals in order to disrupt the operation of any nearby RFID
readers.
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Address Spoofing
It’s simply an action to forging an address. One example is IP spoofing.
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Administrative Security
It refers to the use of management procedures and mechanisms to prevent
unauthorised access to a system.
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Adware
Adware is software that displays advertising banners while the program is
running. A lot of adware is also spyware.
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AES Algorithm
AES algorithm is a symmetric block cipher (encryption algorithm) that is based
on Rijndael algorithm and uses key sizes of 128, 192, or 256 bits to operate on
a 128-bit block.
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Alias
An assumed or alternate name. Some viruses are given multiple names since there
is no real standard for naming computer viruses.
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Anti-anti-virus Virus
A virus that attacks, disables, or avoids infecting specific anti-virus
software. Also called a retrovirus.
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Anti-spyware Software
Anti-spyware software is computer software that detects and cleans spyware.
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Anti-virus Software
A software that is designed to stop viruses, eliminate viruses, and/or recover
data affected by viruses.
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Antivirus Virus
A virus that specifically looks for and removes another virus.
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Application Gateway
A system used to restrict access to services or functions across a firewall
boundary.
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Asymmetric Encryption
Two different keys are used with one for encryption and the other for
decryption. The decryption key cannot be derived from the encryption key.
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Audit Trail
Audit trail is defined as a chronological record of system activities to enable
the reconstruction and examination of the sequence of events and/or changes in
an event.
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Authentication
A process or method to identify and to prove the identity of a user/party who
attempts to send message or access data. Message authentication refers to a
process used to prove the integrity of specific information.
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Authentication Token
A portable device operates by using challenge/response, time sequence, or other
techniques in order to authenticate a user.
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Authorisation
A process to grant rights to a person for accessing data or using specific
information resources.
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Availability
A condition in which information or processes are reasonably accessible and used
by an authorised party including timely and critical operations.
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